Understanding Congenital Dysplasia of the Hip: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Treatment

What is Congenital Dysplasia of the Hip?

Congenital dysplasia of the hip is a condition present at birth. It affects the hip joint, where the top of the thigh bone does not fit well into the hip socket. This problem is also called hip dysplasia in children or developmental dysplasia of the hip. Because the joint is loose or not shaped right, it may lead to pain or walking problems later. In the United States, doctors check newborns for this condition to help with early detection of hip dysplasia. Early treatment can prevent future issues and help children move better.

Symptoms and Signs

Many babies with congenital dysplasia of the hip do not show clear signs at first. However, some symptoms may appear as the child grows. For example, parents or doctors may notice:

One leg looks shorter than the other

Extra folds of skin on the thigh or buttocks

A hip that clicks or pops during movement

Limited movement in one leg

Walking with a limp or waddle, especially as the child starts to walk

Sometimes, these signs are hard to see. Therefore, regular check-ups are important for early detection of hip dysplasia.

Causes and Risk Factors

Doctors do not always know why congenital dysplasia of the hip happens. Still, some factors can increase the risk. For instance, the following may play a role:

Family history of hip problems

Being the first baby in the family

Female babies are more likely to have it

Breech position during pregnancy (baby is feet-first)

Low levels of amniotic fluid in the womb

Additionally, tight swaddling of the legs after birth may increase risk. Because of these factors, doctors watch some babies more closely for pediatric hip disorders.

Diagnosis and Screening

Early detection of hip dysplasia is very important. In the United States, doctors check newborns for this condition during routine exams. They gently move the baby’s legs to feel for any looseness or clicks in the hip joint. If they suspect a problem, they may order an ultrasound or X-ray. These tests help show if the hip joint is not shaped right. According to the CDC, early diagnosis leads to better treatment results. Therefore, regular check-ups are key for all babies, especially those with risk factors.

Treatment Options

Treatment for congenital dysplasia of the hip depends on the child’s age and how severe the problem is. For newborns and young babies, doctors often use a soft brace called a Pavlik harness. This device holds the hip in the right position so it can grow normally. If the harness does not work, or if the child is older, other treatments may be needed. These can include:

Special splints or casts

Gentle stretching and positioning

Surgery to fix the hip joint in severe cases

Most children recover well with early treatment. However, regular follow-up visits are needed to check progress.

Prevention and Lifestyle Tips

While not all cases can be prevented, some steps may help lower the risk. For example:

Avoid tight swaddling of the baby’s legs

Allow the baby’s hips to move freely

Attend all well-baby check-ups for early screening

Share any family history of hip problems with your doctor

Additionally, parents can watch for signs of hip problems as their child grows. Early action can make a big difference.

When to See a Doctor

If you notice any signs of hip problems in your child, see a doctor right away. For instance, if your baby’s legs look uneven, or if you hear a clicking sound in the hip, do not wait. Also, if your child limps or has trouble moving one leg, get medical advice. Early detection of hip dysplasia leads to better outcomes. Therefore, regular check-ups are important for all children, especially those at higher risk.

For personalized advice on congenital dysplasia of the hip, consult a pediatric specialist at Health First Hospital. Early care can help your child grow and move with confidence.